See 交通 on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng shìgù",
"word": "交通事故"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通壅塞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngháo",
"word": "交通壕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通大學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通大学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通安全"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通密度"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngdǎo",
"word": "交通島"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngdǎo",
"word": "交通岛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng gōngjù",
"word": "交通工具"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng gōngchéng",
"word": "交通工程"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通建設"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通建设"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通指揮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通指挥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng biāozhì",
"word": "交通標誌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng biāozhì",
"word": "交通标志"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通法庭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通流量"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通癱瘓"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通瘫痪"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通管制"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngxiàn",
"word": "交通線"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngxiàn",
"word": "交通线"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通號誌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通号志"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng guīzé",
"word": "交通規則"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng guīzé",
"word": "交通规则"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通車"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通车"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通部"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "交通量"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngzhuī",
"word": "交通錐"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōngzhuī",
"word": "交通锥"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiāotōng zǔsè",
"word": "交通阻塞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gōnggòng jiāotōng",
"word": "公共交通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gòngtóng jiāotōng",
"word": "共同交通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "旁推交通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "guǐdào jiāotōng",
"word": "軌道交通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "guǐdào jiāotōng",
"word": "轨道交通"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 2 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Transport",
"orig": "zh:Transport",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "main road",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiāotōng yàodào",
"text": "交通要道",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "two-way traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "shuāngxiàng jiāotōng",
"text": "雙向交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "two-way traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "shuāngxiàng jiāotōng",
"text": "双向交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "heavy traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiāotōng fánmáng",
"text": "交通繁忙",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "traffic information",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "dàolù jiāotōng xìnxī",
"text": "道路交通信息",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hinder traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "yǒu'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "有礙交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hinder traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "yǒu'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "有碍交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "ground transportation",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "dìmiàn jiāotōng",
"text": "地面交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to obstruct traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "zǔ'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "阻礙交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to obstruct traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "zǔ'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "阻碍交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": "1920 February 1, Hu Shi, “國語的進化”, in 新青年, volume 7, number 3, 羣益書社, page 5:",
"roman": "Hòulái lùdì jiāotōng yǒu le rénlìchē, mǎchē, huǒchē, diànchē; shuǐlù jiāotōng yǒu le qìchuán: rénlèi jiāotōng gèng fāngbiàn le, gèng wěndang le, gèng kuàijié le.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "後來陸地交通有了人力車，馬車，火車，電車；水路交通有了汽船：人類交通更方便了，更穩當了，更快捷了。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": "1920 February 1, Hu Shi, “國語的進化”, in 新青年, volume 7, number 3, 羣益書社, page 5:",
"roman": "Hòulái lùdì jiāotōng yǒu le rénlìchē, mǎchē, huǒchē, diànchē; shuǐlù jiāotōng yǒu le qìchuán: rénlèi jiāotōng gèng fāngbiàn le, gèng wěndang le, gèng kuàijié le.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "后来陆地交通有了人力车，马车，火车，电车；水路交通有了汽船：人类交通更方便了，更稳当了，更快捷了。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"transportation; transport; traffic"
],
"id": "en-交通-zh-noun-0BAKpk4a",
"links": [
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
],
[
"transport",
"transport"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 36 17 24 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"communications; liaison"
],
"id": "en-交通-zh-noun-F5egITQB",
"links": [
[
"communications",
"communications"
],
[
"liaison",
"liaison"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"liaison person"
],
"id": "en-交通-zh-noun-CiCPB34d",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tong¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiaotong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chiao¹-tʻung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jyāu-tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiautong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяотун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czjaotun"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāau tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gau^ˊ tung^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kau'tofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kau thong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ciau^平 thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹jiau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kaew thuwng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]ˤraw l̥ˤoŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Guanzi, 5ᵗʰ century BCE to 220 CE",
"roman": "Chūn sānyuè, tiāndì qiánzào, shuǐ jiūliè zhī shí yě, shānchuān héluò, tiānqì xià, dìqì shàng, wànwù jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "春三月，天地乾燥，水糾列之時也，山川涸落，天氣下，地氣上，萬物交通。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Guanzi, 5ᵗʰ century BCE to 220 CE",
"roman": "Chūn sānyuè, tiāndì qiánzào, shuǐ jiūliè zhī shí yě, shānchuān héluò, tiānqì xià, dìqì shàng, wànwù jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "春三月，天地干燥，水纠列之时也，山川涸落，天气下，地气上，万物交通。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Linking paths led everywhere, and the fowls and dogs of one farm could be heard from the next.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 421, Tao Yuanming, 桃花源記 (The Peach Blossom Spring)",
"roman": "Qiānmò jiāotōng, jī quǎn xiàng wén.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "阡陌交通，雞犬相聞。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Linking paths led everywhere, and the fowls and dogs of one farm could be heard from the next.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 421, Tao Yuanming, 桃花源記 (The Peach Blossom Spring)",
"roman": "Qiānmò jiāotōng, jī quǎn xiàng wén.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be linked with"
],
"id": "en-交通-zh-verb-ZWyRtUGp",
"links": [
[
"link",
"link"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to be linked with"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Fū bù xǐ wénxué, hǎo rènxiá, yǐrán nuò. Zhū suǒ yǔ jiāotōng, wúfēi háojié dàhuá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫不喜文學，好任俠，已然諾。諸所與交通，無非豪桀大猾。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Fū bù xǐ wénxué, hǎo rènxiá, yǐrán nuò. Zhū suǒ yǔ jiāotōng, wúfēi háojié dàhuá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫不喜文学，好任侠，已然诺。诸所与交通，无非豪桀大猾。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " c. 6th century, 洛陽伽藍記",
"roman": "Nánzhōng yǒu Gēyíngguó, qù jīngshī shèn yuǎn, fēngtǔ géjué, shì bù yǔ Zhōngguó jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "南中有歌營國，去京師甚遠，風土隔絕，世不與中國交通。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " c. 6th century, 洛陽伽藍記",
"roman": "Nánzhōng yǒu Gēyíngguó, qù jīngshī shèn yuǎn, fēngtǔ géjué, shì bù yǔ Zhōngguó jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "南中有歌营国，去京师甚远，风土隔绝，世不与中国交通。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to contact; to communicate with"
],
"id": "en-交通-zh-verb-xsRHW2f4",
"links": [
[
"contact",
"contact"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to contact; to communicate with"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 6 10 22 20 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Written Vernacular Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Fán Chóu hégù jiāotōng Hán Suì, yù móu zàofǎn?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "樊稠何故交通韓遂，欲謀造反？",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Written Vernacular Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Fán Chóu hégù jiāotōng Hán Suì, yù móu zàofǎn?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "樊稠何故交通韩遂，欲谋造反？",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to collude with"
],
"id": "en-交通-zh-verb-OzjDuweY",
"links": [
[
"collude",
"collude"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to collude with"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tong¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiaotong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chiao¹-tʻung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jyāu-tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiautong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяотун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czjaotun"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāau tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gau^ˊ tung^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kau'tofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kau thong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ciau^平 thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹jiau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kaew thuwng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]ˤraw l̥ˤoŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "串"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "串同"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "chuàntōng",
"word": "串通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gōuda",
"word": "勾搭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gōujié",
"word": "勾結"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gōujié",
"word": "勾结"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gōutōng",
"word": "勾通"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "拍通套"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "斗空"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiégòu",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "結構"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jiégòu",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "结构"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうつう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kautuː/ → /kɔːt͡suː/ → /koːt͡suː/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 交通 (kaew thuwng, literally “cross through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交通",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kautuu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "かうつう",
"roman": "kautuu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうつう",
"hhira": "かうつう"
},
"expansion": "交(こう)通(つう) • (kōtsū) ^(←かうつう (kautuu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 10 8 18 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Transport",
"orig": "ja:Transport",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"transportation"
],
"id": "en-交通-ja-noun-CzSceeRN",
"links": [
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 32 12 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 34 25 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 34 25 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 28 23 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 33 24 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 34 25 22 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "traffic accident",
"roman": "kōtsū jiko",
"ruby": [
[
"交通",
"こうつう"
],
[
"事故",
"じこ"
]
],
"text": "交通事故",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"traffic"
],
"id": "en-交通-ja-noun-B19KuFTi",
"links": [
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 32 12 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 28 23 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"social intercourse"
],
"id": "en-交通-ja-noun-8ck7qo5a",
"links": [
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"intercourse",
"intercourse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーつう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːt͡sɨː]"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうつう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kautuː/ → /kɔːt͡suː/ → /koːt͡suː/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 交通 (kaew thuwng, literally “cross through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交通する",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kautuu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "交通し",
"roman": "kōtsū shi",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "交通した",
"roman": "kōtsū shita",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "交通し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交通する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交通すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交通せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "交通しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "交通させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "交通しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "交通しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "交通した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "交通して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "交通すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 32 12 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 28 23 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 25 20 31 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to travel along a specific route"
],
"id": "en-交通-ja-verb-pfkkKw75",
"links": [
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"route",
"route"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 32 12 34 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 28 23 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to have contact with other people, to engage in social intercourse"
],
"id": "en-交通-ja-verb-a1pjxZ3H",
"links": [
[
"contact",
"contact"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"intercourse",
"intercourse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーつう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːt͡sɨː]"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gyotong",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "교통",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "교통"
},
"expansion": "交通 • (gyotong) (hangeul 교통)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 4 4 13 2 5 4 4 3 36 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 2 3 3 17 1 4 3 3 2 33 12 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "transportation, traffic",
"word": "교통"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 교통 (“transportation, traffic”)"
],
"id": "en-交通-ko-noun-VW4hLa~x",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"교통",
"교통#Korean"
],
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of giao thông (“to communicate”)."
],
"id": "en-交通-vi-verb-hkWjU~CW",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"giao thông",
"giao thông#Vietnamese:_交通"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of giao thông (“transportation, traffic”)."
],
"id": "en-交通-vi-noun-vFfMRIFo",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"giao thông",
"giao thông#Vietnamese:_交通"
],
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
]
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 交",
"Chinese terms spelled with 通",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Transport"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jiāotōng shìgù",
"word": "交通事故"
},
{
"word": "交通壅塞"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngháo",
"word": "交通壕"
},
{
"word": "交通大學"
},
{
"word": "交通大学"
},
{
"word": "交通安全"
},
{
"word": "交通密度"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngdǎo",
"word": "交通島"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngdǎo",
"word": "交通岛"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng gōngjù",
"word": "交通工具"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng gōngchéng",
"word": "交通工程"
},
{
"word": "交通建設"
},
{
"word": "交通建设"
},
{
"word": "交通指揮"
},
{
"word": "交通指挥"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng biāozhì",
"word": "交通標誌"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng biāozhì",
"word": "交通标志"
},
{
"word": "交通法庭"
},
{
"word": "交通流量"
},
{
"word": "交通癱瘓"
},
{
"word": "交通瘫痪"
},
{
"word": "交通管制"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngxiàn",
"word": "交通線"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngxiàn",
"word": "交通线"
},
{
"word": "交通號誌"
},
{
"word": "交通号志"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng guīzé",
"word": "交通規則"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng guīzé",
"word": "交通规则"
},
{
"word": "交通車"
},
{
"word": "交通车"
},
{
"word": "交通部"
},
{
"word": "交通量"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngzhuī",
"word": "交通錐"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōngzhuī",
"word": "交通锥"
},
{
"roman": "jiāotōng zǔsè",
"word": "交通阻塞"
},
{
"roman": "gōnggòng jiāotōng",
"word": "公共交通"
},
{
"roman": "gòngtóng jiāotōng",
"word": "共同交通"
},
{
"word": "旁推交通"
},
{
"roman": "guǐdào jiāotōng",
"word": "軌道交通"
},
{
"roman": "guǐdào jiāotōng",
"word": "轨道交通"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Mandarin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "main road",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiāotōng yàodào",
"text": "交通要道",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "two-way traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "shuāngxiàng jiāotōng",
"text": "雙向交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "two-way traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "shuāngxiàng jiāotōng",
"text": "双向交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "heavy traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "jiāotōng fánmáng",
"text": "交通繁忙",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "traffic information",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "dàolù jiāotōng xìnxī",
"text": "道路交通信息",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hinder traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "yǒu'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "有礙交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hinder traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "yǒu'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "有碍交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "ground transportation",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "dìmiàn jiāotōng",
"text": "地面交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to obstruct traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "zǔ'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "阻礙交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to obstruct traffic",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "zǔ'ài jiāotōng",
"text": "阻碍交通",
"type": "example"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": "1920 February 1, Hu Shi, “國語的進化”, in 新青年, volume 7, number 3, 羣益書社, page 5:",
"roman": "Hòulái lùdì jiāotōng yǒu le rénlìchē, mǎchē, huǒchē, diànchē; shuǐlù jiāotōng yǒu le qìchuán: rénlèi jiāotōng gèng fāngbiàn le, gèng wěndang le, gèng kuàijié le.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "後來陸地交通有了人力車，馬車，火車，電車；水路交通有了汽船：人類交通更方便了，更穩當了，更快捷了。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": "1920 February 1, Hu Shi, “國語的進化”, in 新青年, volume 7, number 3, 羣益書社, page 5:",
"roman": "Hòulái lùdì jiāotōng yǒu le rénlìchē, mǎchē, huǒchē, diànchē; shuǐlù jiāotōng yǒu le qìchuán: rénlèi jiāotōng gèng fāngbiàn le, gèng wěndang le, gèng kuàijié le.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "后来陆地交通有了人力车，马车，火车，电车；水路交通有了汽船：人类交通更方便了，更稳当了，更快捷了。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"transportation; transport; traffic"
],
"links": [
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
],
[
"transport",
"transport"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"communications; liaison"
],
"links": [
[
"communications",
"communications"
],
[
"liaison",
"liaison"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"liaison person"
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tong¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiaotong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chiao¹-tʻung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jyāu-tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiautong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяотун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czjaotun"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāau tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gau^ˊ tung^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kau'tofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kau thong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ciau^平 thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹jiau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kaew thuwng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]ˤraw l̥ˤoŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 交",
"Chinese terms spelled with 通",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Transport"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Guanzi, 5ᵗʰ century BCE to 220 CE",
"roman": "Chūn sānyuè, tiāndì qiánzào, shuǐ jiūliè zhī shí yě, shānchuān héluò, tiānqì xià, dìqì shàng, wànwù jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "春三月，天地乾燥，水糾列之時也，山川涸落，天氣下，地氣上，萬物交通。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Guanzi, 5ᵗʰ century BCE to 220 CE",
"roman": "Chūn sānyuè, tiāndì qiánzào, shuǐ jiūliè zhī shí yě, shānchuān héluò, tiānqì xià, dìqì shàng, wànwù jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "春三月，天地干燥，水纠列之时也，山川涸落，天气下，地气上，万物交通。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Linking paths led everywhere, and the fowls and dogs of one farm could be heard from the next.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 421, Tao Yuanming, 桃花源記 (The Peach Blossom Spring)",
"roman": "Qiānmò jiāotōng, jī quǎn xiàng wén.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "阡陌交通，雞犬相聞。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Linking paths led everywhere, and the fowls and dogs of one farm could be heard from the next.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 421, Tao Yuanming, 桃花源記 (The Peach Blossom Spring)",
"roman": "Qiānmò jiāotōng, jī quǎn xiàng wén.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be linked with"
],
"links": [
[
"link",
"link"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to be linked with"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Fū bù xǐ wénxué, hǎo rènxiá, yǐrán nuò. Zhū suǒ yǔ jiāotōng, wúfēi háojié dàhuá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫不喜文學，好任俠，已然諾。諸所與交通，無非豪桀大猾。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE",
"roman": "Fū bù xǐ wénxué, hǎo rènxiá, yǐrán nuò. Zhū suǒ yǔ jiāotōng, wúfēi háojié dàhuá.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "夫不喜文学，好任侠，已然诺。诸所与交通，无非豪桀大猾。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " c. 6th century, 洛陽伽藍記",
"roman": "Nánzhōng yǒu Gēyíngguó, qù jīngshī shèn yuǎn, fēngtǔ géjué, shì bù yǔ Zhōngguó jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "南中有歌營國，去京師甚遠，風土隔絕，世不與中國交通。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " c. 6th century, 洛陽伽藍記",
"roman": "Nánzhōng yǒu Gēyíngguó, qù jīngshī shèn yuǎn, fēngtǔ géjué, shì bù yǔ Zhōngguó jiāotōng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "南中有歌营国，去京师甚远，风土隔绝，世不与中国交通。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to contact; to communicate with"
],
"links": [
[
"contact",
"contact"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to contact; to communicate with"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Mandarin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Written Vernacular Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Fán Chóu hégù jiāotōng Hán Suì, yù móu zàofǎn?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "樊稠何故交通韓遂，欲謀造反？",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Written Vernacular Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Fán Chóu hégù jiāotōng Hán Suì, yù móu zàofǎn?",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "樊稠何故交通韩遂，欲谋造反？",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to collude with"
],
"links": [
[
"collude",
"collude"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to collude with"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tong¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiāotōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiaotong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chiao¹-tʻung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jyāu-tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiautong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяотун"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czjaotun"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāau tūng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gaau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gao¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh-pron": "kâu-thûng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh-pron": "gau^ˊ tung^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka"
],
"zh-pron": "gau¹ tung¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gău-tŭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kau-thong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kau'tofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kau thong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹ciau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "ciau^平 thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹jiau-thon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kaew thuwng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[k]ˤraw l̥ˤoŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kaːu̯⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁵⁵ ^((tʰ-))luŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³ tʰɔŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kau³³⁻²³ tʰoŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ tʰoŋ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "[k]"
},
{
"other": "/*kreːw l̥ʰoːŋ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "串"
},
{
"word": "串同"
},
{
"roman": "chuàntōng",
"word": "串通"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "勾"
},
{
"roman": "gōuda",
"word": "勾搭"
},
{
"roman": "gōujié",
"word": "勾結"
},
{
"roman": "gōujié",
"word": "勾结"
},
{
"roman": "gōutōng",
"word": "勾通"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "拍通套"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "斗空"
},
{
"roman": "jiégòu",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "結構"
},
{
"roman": "jiégòu",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "结构"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Transport"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうつう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kautuː/ → /kɔːt͡suː/ → /koːt͡suː/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 交通 (kaew thuwng, literally “cross through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交通",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kautuu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "かうつう",
"roman": "kautuu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうつう",
"hhira": "かうつう"
},
"expansion": "交(こう)通(つう) • (kōtsū) ^(←かうつう (kautuu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"transportation"
],
"links": [
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "traffic accident",
"roman": "kōtsū jiko",
"ruby": [
[
"交通",
"こうつう"
],
[
"事故",
"じこ"
]
],
"text": "交通事故",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"traffic"
],
"links": [
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"social intercourse"
],
"links": [
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"intercourse",
"intercourse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーつう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːt͡sɨː]"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Transport"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "こうつう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kautuː/ → /kɔːt͡suː/ → /koːt͡suː/\nFrom Middle Chinese compound 交通 (kaew thuwng, literally “cross through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "交通する",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kautuu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "交通し",
"roman": "kōtsū shi",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "交通した",
"roman": "kōtsū shita",
"ruby": [
[
"交",
"こう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "交通し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交通する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交通すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "交通せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "交通しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "交通させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "交通しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "交通しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "交通します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "交通した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "交通して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "交通すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "こうつうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōtsū sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to travel along a specific route"
],
"links": [
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"route",
"route"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to have contact with other people, to engage in social intercourse"
],
"links": [
[
"contact",
"contact"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"intercourse",
"intercourse"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーつう"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːt͡sɨː]"
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "gyotong",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "교통",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "교통"
},
"expansion": "交通 • (gyotong) (hangeul 교통)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "transportation, traffic",
"word": "교통"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 교통 (“transportation, traffic”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"교통",
"교통#Korean"
],
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"Vietnamese verbs in Han script"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of giao thông (“to communicate”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"giao thông",
"giao thông#Vietnamese:_交通"
],
[
"communicate",
"communicate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"Vietnamese verbs in Han script"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "交通",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of giao thông (“transportation, traffic”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"giao thông",
"giao thông#Vietnamese:_交通"
],
[
"transportation",
"transportation"
],
[
"traffic",
"traffic"
]
]
}
],
"word": "交通"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 交通 meaning in All languages combined (28.0kB)
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"交通"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"交通"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%8B%BE%E7%B5%90'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "交通",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"交通"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "交通",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.